Improvement in steam-generators



N. PETERS, PHOTO-LlTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D CV UNITED ASTATES PATENT Ormea.

JAMES A. CAMPBELL, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT IVN STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,237, dated June 5, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES A. CAMPBELL, of the city and county of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a new and Improved Steam-Boiler; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description thereof, reference being h. to the accompanying drawing, which is made part of this specification, and which represents a vertical central section of my improved boiler.

The nature of my invention consists in heating the water by means of a coil or coils of pipe leading from and returning` to the steamchamber while the said chamber is protected from the action of the fire, and in having a reserved water-chamber above, which is constantly open to the pressure of steam from the steam-chamber, and from which the steamchamber draws its supply by means of a float, which regulates the height of water therein contained, and also in having another chamber above the water-chamber, which acts in the place of a pump for supplying the said water-chamber, and which in its operation eX- changes steam for water, bulk for bulk. The main or outside reservoir or cistern, which is not shown in the drawings, must have an elevation above all the other chambers.

/Vater is rst supplied to the water-chainber O from the main tank or reservoir through the pipes It S, and from chamber O it passes into the reserve water-chamber E, thence into the steam-chalnber D.

The water is heated in the coil of pipe A, and ascends and passes from the coil into the steam-chamber D through the end of the coil B, while the colder water descends through the pipe O to the bottom of the coil.

The water in the reserve water-chamber E is heated in the same manner in the pipe F, the colder water passing down G to the bottom of the coil, While the heated water passes up through I'I. This pipe serves, also, to allow a draft of air up through it and through the coal or fuel.

These pipes should be made on the principle of the still-worin for boiling sugar-small at the end where the cold water comes in, as at G in the coil A, and gradually increase up to B, where the hot water enters the chamber D. Copper may be used, or iron gas-pipe with couplingsa small size to be used at the end C in the coil A, and at each coupling a larger size added on up to B.

The fuel is placed in the furnace K, and occu pies the space between the coils A and I?.

If, in practice, `the heat is found to be too intense by allowing the coal or fuel to be in contact with the coils of pipe, the space intended for the fuel may be occupied by additional coils of pipe, each of which should connect with the steam-chamber D, in the same manner as the coil A B O, and the fire applied below the coils.

The height otwater in the steam-chamber D is regulated by the water raising the foat I, so that the stopper J closes up the bottom end of the pipe M. This stopper is raised or lowered by the nuts L L L L, thereby causing more or less water to pass into the steam-chamber.

The pipe N allows constant communication of steam from the top ot' the steam-chamber D to the top of the water-l in the chamber E, causing an equal pressure in both chambers, thereby causing the water to descend by its gravitation through the pipe M when not closed by the stopper J, and an equal space is taken possesf-'-n of by the steam through the pipe N.

The great gain in having the reserve waterchamber E and float l and stopper J is that it I gives all the advantages of a large supply of water in the boiler, and at the same time is not in such intimate contact with the water that is to converted into steam as to materially retard the generation of steam or lower its temperature at'ter it is generated, for the steam comes into contact with the top ofthe water in E, and gradually heats it through to the bottom, and the stopper J allows but very little down at any one time into the chamber D.

The chamber O, the pipes It S T U, the cocks P Q V W, are combined with the reserved water-chamber E to permit water to be supplied thereto or taken therefrom at will.

The height of water in the chambers D and E is tried in the usual manner by gage-cocks.

The pipe X is a steam-supply pipe for supplyin g the engine.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination of the reserve waterchamber E, the pipes M N, the stopper J, the regulating-nuts L L L L, and the float I.

2. The combination of the furnace K, the chamber E and steam-chambenD, the ebanv coil of pipe A B C, the float I, the regulatingf bei1 O, the pipes B S T U, and the cocks P Q, nuts L L L L, the reserve Water-chamber E, V W. and the pipes M and N. Y JAMES A. CAMPBELL.

3. The combination of the coil of pipe F Gr Witnesses: H with the reserve water-chamber E. J. MASSIER MARTIN,

4. In combination with the reserve Water- MORRIS G. BECK. 

